Modern scientific concepts of the physical nature of the main formations of the subtle body and biofields.
Now it is difficult to determine the origin of acupuncture, one can say with certainty - its roots go back to antiquity.
Despite such an ancient history, the mechanisms of action of acupuncture still remain unclear in many ways. First, the physiological mechanisms and biophysics of processes in the acupuncture point have not been adequately studied. Secondly, it is very much unclear how the set of acupuncture points is organized and how they interact with the processes of physiological homeostasis. If the first problem lies in the field of physiology, biophysics and biochemistry, the second is connected with information processes and requires for its solution methods of cybernetics. It is important to emphasize that the study of information aspects of acupuncture is possible without detailed knowledge of its physical mechanisms. In this respect, the information level of description is analogous to the thermodynamic approach in physics, which arose and was successfully applied long before the atomic and molecular processes underlying it were studied and understood.
In order to correctly select combinations of points, optimal for the treatment of a disease, an extremely complex system of classification was developed in ancient China. It is based on the idea of circulation in the body of a special kind of energy qi, passing through the system of special channels, on which the acupuncture points are located. According to these ideas, the points are some kind of valves that regulate the circulation of qi energy and its distribution in human organs. Accordingly, the disease is caused by either a lack of chi or its stasis in the appropriate organs.
At present, a large number of areas are known on the surface of the body, as well as inside, on which the internal organs of the human body are displayed. However, as a rule, in these cases there are already not strictly severely restricted points, but entire zones are associated with one or another organ of the body. An important feature is the direct correspondence of such an acupuncture zone to a specific organ, while the acupuncture point is usually associated with a whole complex of symptoms that are interrelated with a group of organs.
One of the most commonly used in the acupuncture of the projection zones is the auricle, on it there are up to 130 zones displaying almost all the internal organs of the human body.
If we compare the shape of the auricle with the human embryo in the early stages of development, then it is not difficult to see a striking similarity between them. In this case, the ear resembles an embryo turned upside down, which corresponds to the lobe, the back is a curl, and the abdominal cavity is a shell. The most surprising is that the location of the projection zones is also almost identical to the location of the embryo organs, repeating those characteristics that distinguish the young embryo from the newborn. So, for example, on the ear, the points corresponding to the mouth and esophagus are located in the shell, just above the opening of the external auditory canal, and the points of the upper and lower jaw are much lower on the earlobe. At the same time, approximately four weeks
the embryo of the pharyngeal gullet, which is the rudiment of the esophagus, is separated from the head part, where the rudiments of the jaw of the special pharyngeal membrane are located, which only undergoes a reverse development in the later stages.
In addition to ear from ancient times, there are several other projection zones widely used in acupuncture. First of all, these are the feet.
The location of the projection zones on the foot is also not chaotic, but repeats the location of the internal organs, although somewhat deformed, more like an embryonic one. In this case, the toes correspond to the region of the head, then the projections of the heart, liver, kidneys occur, further zones of the stomach, thick and small intestine are located. Even lower, near the heel, is the projection of the genital organs.
Similar projection zones are available on the surface of the palm, on the inner and outer surface of the nose, on the tongue, on the scalp. There is even a special kind of acupuncture - scalpotherapy. And in all these projection zones all the main internal organs are displayed, located approximately the same as in the body.
There is another well-known projection in the eastern and European medicine - the iris of the eye.
The connection between the iris and the body is extremely tight. If a pathological process occurs in the internal organ, a change in the pigmentation appears in the corresponding area of the iris, and a stain may appear. The most interesting is that when the internal organs are deformed, the shape of the iris projection zone changes accordingly. Thus, according to Velhover, when the colon is lowered, its projection zone on the autonomous ring, located on the iris around the pupil, near the upper part approaches the pupil and, as it were, bends, repeating the change in the shape of the intestine. All this indicates the existence of very complex mechanisms that ensure the interaction of the projection zone and the organ.
The location of the projection zones on the iris is somewhat different from what was previously described. " Apparently, this difference is caused by the radial symmetry, which is characteristic of the iris of the eye. However, a detailed analysis shows that even here it is homologous to a human embryo, but viewed in another projection.
The projection areas of the iris resemble a flattened embryo in the position in which it is located in the uterus about the fourth to sixth week. The same lengths correspond to the relative volumes of various organs, represented by sectors of different areas. However, the shape of the projection zones is somewhat deformed in comparison with the embryo. First, in the central part corresponding to the abdominal cavity, there is a pupillary opening, which penetrates into the stomach. Secondly, the head and tail parts are somewhat flattened, and the abdominal and dorsal are stretched so that from the embryo having an oval silhouette, a circle has turned out. At the same time, some organs are slightly enlarged, others are reduced and slightly shifted, although their mutual arrangement generally corresponds to the embryonic one. The general impression is that this arrangement of organs reflects the human embryo that developed under the influence of some external forces that deformed the shape of its body.
Similar ugly creatures occur in humans and animals, when an embryo or a newborn baby is squeezed during its development. From antiquity to our days, many tribes used such compression or stretching to artificially change the shape of the body. Suffice it to recall the Chinese women, who from early childhood wore tight shoes to get a small foot.
If we analyze the degree of deformation of the projection zones located on different organs, then it will be stronger the greater the limitations imposed by the functional purpose of this organ. Indeed, the least deformed zones of the auricle, whose shape in humans does not play a special role. At the same time, in animals for which the acuity of hearing is an important condition for survival, the shape of the ear is optimal for catching very weak sounds and already very remotely resembles an embryo. Similarly, the shape of the projection zones of the foot surface is less deformed than in the palm of your hand, and the maximum deformation occurs in the projection zones of such rigidly specialized education as iris.
Thus, several questions arise at once. Firstly, why are projection zones associated with all internal organs scattered all over the human body? Secondly, why the relative location of the projection zones is analogous to the arrangement of organs in the human body, or rather in its embryo? And thirdly, why do projection zones correspond to a compressed and stretched embryo, what forces caused this deformation?
In fact, the first and second questions are reduced to the following. Why does the development of the human body on its surface generate areas that reflect internal organs, and approximately in the same spatial arrangement as the embryo? To answer this, let us try to raise an auxiliary question. And why in the embryo of a person each organ is pawned and develops in a strictly defined place? This question is not so simple as it seems at first sight. Here we are faced with a very complicated scientific problem - the problem of cell differentiation. As studies of recent years show, the formation and laying of the internal organs of the embryo are controlled by special types of cellular and tissue interactions. In this case, the body has a fairly wide reserves of self-regulation. When a particular organ is removed from the human embryo, it is formed anew from neighboring tissues. In other words, the stomach does not arise because its cells are pre-programmed to be cells of the stomach, but because it is located in a certain place of the embryo. Thus, it can be said that embryonic structures at a certain stages of development have the property of self-organization.
Now it is difficult to determine the origin of acupuncture, one can say with certainty - its roots go back to antiquity.
Despite such an ancient history, the mechanisms of action of acupuncture still remain unclear in many ways. First, the physiological mechanisms and biophysics of processes in the acupuncture point have not been adequately studied. Secondly, it is very much unclear how the set of acupuncture points is organized and how they interact with the processes of physiological homeostasis. If the first problem lies in the field of physiology, biophysics and biochemistry, the second is connected with information processes and requires for its solution methods of cybernetics. It is important to emphasize that the study of information aspects of acupuncture is possible without detailed knowledge of its physical mechanisms. In this respect, the information level of description is analogous to the thermodynamic approach in physics, which arose and was successfully applied long before the atomic and molecular processes underlying it were studied and understood.
In order to correctly select combinations of points, optimal for the treatment of a disease, an extremely complex system of classification was developed in ancient China. It is based on the idea of circulation in the body of a special kind of energy qi, passing through the system of special channels, on which the acupuncture points are located. According to these ideas, the points are some kind of valves that regulate the circulation of qi energy and its distribution in human organs. Accordingly, the disease is caused by either a lack of chi or its stasis in the appropriate organs.
At present, a large number of areas are known on the surface of the body, as well as inside, on which the internal organs of the human body are displayed. However, as a rule, in these cases there are already not strictly severely restricted points, but entire zones are associated with one or another organ of the body. An important feature is the direct correspondence of such an acupuncture zone to a specific organ, while the acupuncture point is usually associated with a whole complex of symptoms that are interrelated with a group of organs.
One of the most commonly used in the acupuncture of the projection zones is the auricle, on it there are up to 130 zones displaying almost all the internal organs of the human body.
If we compare the shape of the auricle with the human embryo in the early stages of development, then it is not difficult to see a striking similarity between them. In this case, the ear resembles an embryo turned upside down, which corresponds to the lobe, the back is a curl, and the abdominal cavity is a shell. The most surprising is that the location of the projection zones is also almost identical to the location of the embryo organs, repeating those characteristics that distinguish the young embryo from the newborn. So, for example, on the ear, the points corresponding to the mouth and esophagus are located in the shell, just above the opening of the external auditory canal, and the points of the upper and lower jaw are much lower on the earlobe. At the same time, approximately four weeks
the embryo of the pharyngeal gullet, which is the rudiment of the esophagus, is separated from the head part, where the rudiments of the jaw of the special pharyngeal membrane are located, which only undergoes a reverse development in the later stages.
In addition to ear from ancient times, there are several other projection zones widely used in acupuncture. First of all, these are the feet.
The location of the projection zones on the foot is also not chaotic, but repeats the location of the internal organs, although somewhat deformed, more like an embryonic one. In this case, the toes correspond to the region of the head, then the projections of the heart, liver, kidneys occur, further zones of the stomach, thick and small intestine are located. Even lower, near the heel, is the projection of the genital organs.
Similar projection zones are available on the surface of the palm, on the inner and outer surface of the nose, on the tongue, on the scalp. There is even a special kind of acupuncture - scalpotherapy. And in all these projection zones all the main internal organs are displayed, located approximately the same as in the body.
There is another well-known projection in the eastern and European medicine - the iris of the eye.
The connection between the iris and the body is extremely tight. If a pathological process occurs in the internal organ, a change in the pigmentation appears in the corresponding area of the iris, and a stain may appear. The most interesting is that when the internal organs are deformed, the shape of the iris projection zone changes accordingly. Thus, according to Velhover, when the colon is lowered, its projection zone on the autonomous ring, located on the iris around the pupil, near the upper part approaches the pupil and, as it were, bends, repeating the change in the shape of the intestine. All this indicates the existence of very complex mechanisms that ensure the interaction of the projection zone and the organ.
The location of the projection zones on the iris is somewhat different from what was previously described. " Apparently, this difference is caused by the radial symmetry, which is characteristic of the iris of the eye. However, a detailed analysis shows that even here it is homologous to a human embryo, but viewed in another projection.
The projection areas of the iris resemble a flattened embryo in the position in which it is located in the uterus about the fourth to sixth week. The same lengths correspond to the relative volumes of various organs, represented by sectors of different areas. However, the shape of the projection zones is somewhat deformed in comparison with the embryo. First, in the central part corresponding to the abdominal cavity, there is a pupillary opening, which penetrates into the stomach. Secondly, the head and tail parts are somewhat flattened, and the abdominal and dorsal are stretched so that from the embryo having an oval silhouette, a circle has turned out. At the same time, some organs are slightly enlarged, others are reduced and slightly shifted, although their mutual arrangement generally corresponds to the embryonic one. The general impression is that this arrangement of organs reflects the human embryo that developed under the influence of some external forces that deformed the shape of its body.
Similar ugly creatures occur in humans and animals, when an embryo or a newborn baby is squeezed during its development. From antiquity to our days, many tribes used such compression or stretching to artificially change the shape of the body. Suffice it to recall the Chinese women, who from early childhood wore tight shoes to get a small foot.
If we analyze the degree of deformation of the projection zones located on different organs, then it will be stronger the greater the limitations imposed by the functional purpose of this organ. Indeed, the least deformed zones of the auricle, whose shape in humans does not play a special role. At the same time, in animals for which the acuity of hearing is an important condition for survival, the shape of the ear is optimal for catching very weak sounds and already very remotely resembles an embryo. Similarly, the shape of the projection zones of the foot surface is less deformed than in the palm of your hand, and the maximum deformation occurs in the projection zones of such rigidly specialized education as iris.
Thus, several questions arise at once. Firstly, why are projection zones associated with all internal organs scattered all over the human body? Secondly, why the relative location of the projection zones is analogous to the arrangement of organs in the human body, or rather in its embryo? And thirdly, why do projection zones correspond to a compressed and stretched embryo, what forces caused this deformation?
In fact, the first and second questions are reduced to the following. Why does the development of the human body on its surface generate areas that reflect internal organs, and approximately in the same spatial arrangement as the embryo? To answer this, let us try to raise an auxiliary question. And why in the embryo of a person each organ is pawned and develops in a strictly defined place? This question is not so simple as it seems at first sight. Here we are faced with a very complicated scientific problem - the problem of cell differentiation. As studies of recent years show, the formation and laying of the internal organs of the embryo are controlled by special types of cellular and tissue interactions. In this case, the body has a fairly wide reserves of self-regulation. When a particular organ is removed from the human embryo, it is formed anew from neighboring tissues. In other words, the stomach does not arise because its cells are pre-programmed to be cells of the stomach, but because it is located in a certain place of the embryo. Thus, it can be said that embryonic structures at a certain stages of development have the property of self-organization.